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The Science
Duo 101
Developed with leading science and the best from nature, Duo is at the forefront
of bridging oral health with systemic wellness.
Inside the Tablet
Formulated by co-founders Stevie Roberts, DMD and Robert Johnson DMD, MD with leading science and the best from nature, Duo improves dental, oral and systemic health.
Superior
ingredients
VEGAN
GLUTEN-FREE
SLS-FREE
nano-hydroxyapatite (nHa)
Nano-hydroxyapatite, or nHa, is the dentist-backed fluoride alternative in Duo that remineralizes enamel, removes plaque, whitens, and blocks sensitivity.
Xylitol & Xanthan gum
Promote saliva production, reduce biofilm, and slow the growth of disease-causing bad bacteria.
Hydrated silica, Calcium carbonate & Sodium bicarbonate
Balance PH, naturally polish, and whiten without damaging enamel.
Vitamins C & E
Synergistically support periodontal health and soothe and restore gums.
What you
will not find
Detergents like SLS used for foaming that cause dry mouth
Dyes like titanium dioxide to artificially make paste white
Fillers like glycerin made from animal fat for gunky texture
Chemicals that kill good bacteria and harm the oral microbiome
Plastics that end up in our landfills and oceans
Why nHa?
We use a dentist-backed fluoride alternative called nano-hydroxyapatite, which is clinically proven to be just as effective as fluoride- if not more so- at remineralizing teeth.
REASONS WHY
DENTISTS LOVE NHA
1
2
3
4
5
The gateway to
systemic health
Science continues to uncover the depth and complexity of the connection between oral health and the health of all major systems in the body.
Duo is packed with science-backed ingredients that support and nourish your oral health, including the microbiome. This is key to reducing risk of oral and systemic disease and to improving overall health outcomes.
Toothpaste
+ function
The vitamins and supplements added to our toothpaste tablets have high bioavailability and are efficiently absorbed as you brush (more on that below). We carefully selected each because of its health and functional benefits.
Original
Vitamins C + E
Synergistic antioxidants that support periodontal health and soothe and restore gums. This combination is in every Duo tablet.
Immunity
Vitamin D3 (30mcg)
Bolsters immune defenses, muscle function, and mood
Vitamins B12 (6mcg)
Elevates mood and aids neurological function
Energy
Caffeine (10mg)
Increases mental alertness, cognitive performance, metabolism, and reaction time
Vitamins B12 (6mcg)
Elevates mood and aids neurological function
L-theanine (2.5mg)
Naturally occurring in green tea; improves cognitive performance without jitters
Sleep
Melatonin (1.5mg)
Regulates circadian rhythms and helps to initiate and maintain sleep without grogginess
L-theanine (2.5mg)
Naturally occurring in green tea; reduces stress and calms nerves
The science behind mucosal absorption
Our mouths absorb nutrients directly into the bloodstream. That’s the key to the efficient bio-availability of the vitamins and supplements in Duo.
The trouble with pills
Pills can be hard on the stomach, made with fillers, and, in fact, some key vitamins and supplements are difficult to absorb through the digestive system anyway. For example, many people struggle to get enough vitamin B12 because of its complicated metabolism involving the stomach, intestines and the liver.
The brushing solution
To help a group of these B12-deficient patients, a team of doctors decided to infuse B12 in toothpaste. Studies then confirmed that brushing with B12 infused toothpaste corrects the deficiency as effectively as swallowing tablets, without the drawbacks and side effects. Tooth-brushing, it turns out, is an incredibly efficient delivery mechanism for certain vitamins and supplements.
Why it works
The reason this works is a scientific process called mucosal absorption. The mouth is full of blood capillaries and absorbent tissue, which actively extract nutrients from vitamins and supplements that come into contact with the gums, inner cheeks, and soft membranes under your tongue.
Better with Duo
The vitamins and supplements we use are all proven to quickly absorb through your oral membrane and into your bloodstream to reach whole-body systems. That’s what’s happening as you brush with Duo, and it’s why you feel the caffeine in Energy almost right away!
Selected studies
Bioavailability of oral mucosally absorbed melatonin higher than when delivered by pill due to bypassing liver metabolism.
Vitamin B12 toothpaste corrects B12 deficiency as efficiently as capsules over 12-week period.
Sublingual vitamin D works as efficiently as capsular form of supplementation.
Caffeine is absorbed in minutes when administered mucosally.
